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Hockey

Hockey is a family of sports in which two teams play against each other by trying to maneuver a ball or a puck into the opponent's goal using a hockey stick. 


FIELD HOCKEY.
Field hockey is played on gravel, natural grass, sand-based or water-based with a small, hard ball. Hockey has several regular international tournaments for both men and women. These include the Olympic Games, the Commonwealth Games, the quadrennial Hockey World Cups, the annual Champions Trophies and World Cups for juniors. 


ICE HOCKEY.
Ice hockey is played on a large flat area of ice, using a three-inch-diameter rubber disc called a puck. This puck is often frozen before high-level games to decrease the amount of bouncing and friction on the ice. The game is contested between two teams of skaters. The game is played all over North America, Europe and in many other countries around the world to varying extent. It is the most popular sport in Canada, Finland, Latvia, the Czech Republic and in Slovakia. 


INLINE HOCKEY.
Inline hockey is a variation of Roller hockey and Ice hockey. Inline hockey is played by two teams, consisting of four skaters and one keeper, on a dry rink divided into two halves by a center line, with one net at each end of the rink. The game is played in three 15-minute periodes with a variation of the ice hockey off-side rule.


ROLLER HOCKEY.
Roller hockey, also known as quad hockey, international-style ball hockey, and Hoquei em Patins is an overarching name for a roller sport that had existed since long before inline skates were invented. This sport is played in sixty countries and has a worldwide following. Roller hockey was a demonstration sport at the Barcelona Summer Olympics in1992. 

Swimming

Swimming, a healthy sport. But why actually?

For the one it is a nightmare, for the other pure relaxtion. You burns a lot of calories. You will improve your condition and makes your muscles flexible.

Water Sports
Some water sports you can do are:
- Water polo
- Synchronous swimming
- Life guard swimming skills
- Diving
- Competitive swimming

Lane swimming and Open water swimming are the two of the five disciplines within the Olympic games. The three other disciplines are diving, synchronized swimming and water polo.

Since 1912 stands swimming for women on the Olympic program.

Volleybal

Volleyball consists of 2 disciplines: indoor volleyball and beach volleyball. Indoor volleyball is played in teams and stay from 1964 on the program. The beach volleyball is only since the Olympics of Atlanta in 1996 on the program. In total there are 4 medailles to win: Indoor Volleyball: men team, woman team. Beach Volleyball: men double, women double. 

One time The Netherlands won 1x gold in 1996 and 1x brass in 1992. 

The first who get 25 points, wins the set. The first who wins 3 sets, wins the game. In the originally variation consists each team of 6 people. The field measure 9 at 18 meter. Currently there are a number of variations including Sitting Volleyball, Mini Volleyball and Beach Volleyball. 

Important rules: 

1. The ball contact has to be short (be judged by the referee) and the ball may be any part of the body be played. 

2. The player is not allowed to touch the ball two times in a row, except at the blocking. 

3. Each team is allowed to have three times ball contact in a row. 

4. The ball may not touch other stuff outside the field. 

5. You may not on the side of the opponent. 

6. A team scores a point as the ball hit the field of the opponent.

7. When a team scores a point the team may in the next rally serve.

8. Before the start of a new rally, a player may be changed.

9. Between two sets is allowed a break of 3 minutes.

10. The Libero never serves and is always a back player.

The most common mistakes are:

- in

- out

- touché

- foot faults

- net fault

- double

- four play

- long contact

- drafting fault

- stolen ball 

Athletics

Athletics is one of the oldest sports from the Olympics in Greece. In total there are 24 components to win medals.  It's an old sport where the athletes individual or in groups have to perform. Athletics is called on the road and on athletes track practiced. Athletic is called 'the mother of sports', because it includes the most basic human movements. (walk, jump, trhow)
Athletic tracks are oval shaped and are 400 m long. In the middle area are the throwing and jumping sports. There are tracks of grass, plastic and gravel.
The subdivision from the juniors is international recorded and varies from country to country.

In The Netherlands and Belgium is the subdivision as follows: 
The Netherlands    |    Belgium     |    Age
Junior-A                         Juniors              19 and 18
Junior-B                         Pupils                17 and 16
Junior-C                         Cadets              15 and 14
Junior-D                         Minims              13,12 and 11
Pupil-A                           Pupils                11 and 10
Pupil-B                           Benjamins         9
Pupil-C                           Benjamins         8
Pupil-D                           Benjamins         7 or younger

In total there are 15 related sports, 14 disciplines and 1 related sport:
- Discus Throw                    - Shot- put                 - Javelin Throwing
- Run                                    - Swinging Ball          - Field Walking
- Hop - skip and jump        - All- around               - Skip
- High jump                         - Pole- vault                - Road- athletics
- Running Horde                - Race Walking          - Related sport: Triathlon

Paralympics

The Paralypmics are the Olympics for people with a handicap, visual impairment or a cerebral palsy. In 1948 organized Sir Ludwig Guttman a sportgame in England for veterans from the Word War ll with a back injury. Four years later did also athletes from The Netherlands. The international event was born. The first edition was in 1960 in Rome. Until 1972 there are only athletes in wheelchairs. From 1976 also do amputees and peoples with visual impairments. The same year there also were held The Winter Paralympics in Sweden (Örnsköldsvik). 
Currently is a sport event for athletes from 6 different groups of handicaps. The number of athletes that participate had grown very hard, from 400 athletes in Rome in 1960, to 4200 at the olympics in Peking in 2008. The Paralympics are always held in the same year as the Olympics and from the summer of 1988, are always in the same city held. 


There are 6 different categories: Athletes with an amputation.
                                                        Athletes with a brain damage.
                                                        Athletes who drive in a wheelchair.
                                                        Athletes with a visual impairment.
                                                        Athletes with an intellectual disability.
                                                        Other ''Les Autres'': Athletes with a physical disabilities.


On the program are in 2008, 20 paralympic games. Rowing stands for the first time on the program:
Swimming                   Sail                  Cycling                   Volleyball          Blind Soccer         
Tennis                          Rugby              Shooting               Screens             Table Tennis          
Equestrian                  Judo                 Archery                 Goalball              Boccia                     
Bench Press               Athletics          Basketball             Rowing              Soccer


The winter Paralymics are in 2012 5 Paralympics:
Alpine Skiing
Biathlon
Cross-Country Skiing
Wheelchair Curling (since 2006)
Sledge Hockey

London

The capital of the United Kingdom is London. And London is also the capital of England. There are 7,5 million residents. It is the state of the most residents of the european union. It's also the political, the economic and the cultural center of the whole country. London is considered as one of the fore most traditional world states. Together with Paris, Tokio and New York City.  In London are a lot of famous buildings, like the Big Ben, the historic place the Tower of London and next the Tower Bridge.

The London Eye is a big ferris. It's 135 meter high, weighs 1.700 ton and has 32 capsules. The London Eye was built in 1999 and then is was the biggest ferris of the world. The ferris was build in order from British Airways in connecting with the millennium in 2000. 
In 1908 and 1948 organized London the Summer Olympics. In 2005 the organisations get the Olympics 2012 inside. London will be the first city which organizes the Olympics three times. 


London was founded by Brutus van Troje. He was the legendary first king of United Kingdom from 1104 bc to 1081 bc. 
The metropolis London, or Greater London, located in the southeast of England. Greater London covers an area of 1.572 km2. Right trough the city flows the river The Theems. 
London consists of thirteen boroughs. The boroughs self are also divided into different districts. The city has a total of 32 administrative units. 


London had a temperate climate. It does not rain so much. And also it snows not so much. Probably it had to do with the heat islandeffect.